The first warning sign is often pain, pressure, or a feeling of tightness in the chest. This symptom, called angina, is directly linked to atherosclerosis: an accumulation of plaque (fats, cholesterol , calcium, etc.) in the arterial walls. As this plaque hardens, it narrows the arteries and restricts blood flow, particularly to the heart.
When the coronary arteries are affected, the oxygen supply to the heart muscle decreases, especially during exertion or stress. The result is chest pain that can radiate to the neck, shoulders, arms, jaw, or back. Unlike indigestion, this pain does not respond to antacids and tends to follow a regular pattern: it occurs during exertion and disappears at rest. Sometimes, the plaque can rupture and form a clot, causing a heart attack. Never ignore this type of pain.
2. Abnormal shortness of breath
Unusual shortness of breath, even after light exertion such as climbing stairs, can indicate a lack of oxygen due to insufficient blood flow. The heart, already weakened by narrowed arteries, struggles to meet the body’s increased oxygen demand. This situation can also cause a feeling of tightness in the chest, even at rest or during the night.
In more severe cases, people wake up gasping for air or need to sit up to breathe more easily. This symptom indicates a more advanced stage of the disease, where the heart struggles to supply blood to vital organs, including the lungs.
3. Persistent and unusual fatigue
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