Virtually all full-synthetic oil comes from high-quality crude (base) oil. Enhanced refining methods and chemically enhanced friction modifiers produce a product with exceptional engine protection not found in conventional or synthetic blended oils.
There is no standard for synthetic oil, making “full-synthetic” a marketing term. This also means no two brands are exactly the same.
Automotive manufacturers choose synthetic oil for its low viscosity. Low viscosity oil permits an engine to spin easier, run cooler and dissolve deposits left by contaminated and oxidized conventional oils. This increases gas mileage, lowers engine tailpipe emissions and keeps the engine cleaner, extending its life.
Full-synthetic oils are not recommended for pre-1990 vehicles, or those that specifically require conventional motor oils. Conversely, those same exceptional qualities that make full-synthetic so beneficial can worsen already failing oil seals and gaskets in neglected engines. Using full-synthetic in a well-maintained engine rarely causes problems.
The Difference Between Synthetic Oil and Conventional Oil
Synthetic oil is engineered for better engine protection. It lasts longer and handles extreme temperatures better than conventional oil.
“Synthetic is much slicker, and its molecules are more consistent,” says Pyle. “Think of it like an ice skating rink, where some areas have more drag and others are slicker. Synthetic is able to make that surface like glass all the way across the rink and maintain it for a longer time.”
Both come from crude oil. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, crude oil is classified by density and sulfur content. Higher-quality crude goes through extensive distilling processes to produce synthetic oil. Synthetics also contain state-of-the-art artificial additives (antioxidants, corrosion and foam inhibitors, anti-wear agents, detergents and water dispersants) to produce oil that offers far superior engine protection than conventional motor oil.
In short, “Regular oil breaks down faster and can lead to more buildup over time,” says Duane “Doc” Watson, technical trainer at Bosch Mobility Aftermarket. “While synthetic oil costs more upfront, it can save you money in the long run through reduced engine wear and fewer oil changes.”
How Long Does Synthetic Oil Last?
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